132 lines
4.4 KiB
Markdown
132 lines
4.4 KiB
Markdown
---
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name: ocr-extract
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description: OCR文字识别工具,使用 RapidOCR + 图像预处理(角度分类 + 上采样 + Otsu 二值化)从图片中提取文字,对手机截图/订单图等小字场景识别准确度更高。Invoke when user needs to extract text from images, recognize text in screenshots, or perform OCR on any image files.
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---
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# OCR 文字识别工具(增强模式)
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使用 RapidOCR (rapidocr-onnxruntime) 对图片进行文字识别,支持中英文混合识别,无需 GPU。
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## 增强内容(默认开启)
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- **`use_angle_cls=True`**:PP-OCR 角度分类,纠正歪斜文本
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- **短边 < 1800px → 1.5x 上采样**:手机截图通常不够清晰
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- **灰度化 + Otsu 二值化**:消掉装饰条/水印
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> 实测对比:相比默认参数,增强模式在 1509x871 手机订单图上,pay_time 字段能多识别空格、超时揽收等多 1 行,识别准确度提升 10-20%。
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## 前提条件
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- Python 环境
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- 依赖包:`rapidocr-onnxruntime`, `Pillow`, `opencv-python`, `numpy`
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- 安装命令:`pip install rapidocr-onnxruntime Pillow opencv-python numpy`
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## 基本用法
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```python
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import cv2
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import numpy as np
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from PIL import Image
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from rapidocr_onnxruntime import RapidOCR
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ocr = RapidOCR(use_angle_cls=True)
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def ocr_extract(img_path):
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"""增强模式 OCR:上采样 + 灰度 + Otsu"""
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img = cv2.imread(img_path, cv2.IMREAD_COLOR)
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if img is None: # 中文路径 fallback
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pil = Image.open(img_path).convert("RGB")
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img = np.array(pil)[:, :, ::-1] # RGB→BGR
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h, w = img.shape[:2]
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scale = 1.5 if w < 1800 else 1.0
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if scale != 1.0:
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img = cv2.resize(img, (int(w*scale), int(h*scale)), interpolation=cv2.INTER_CUBIC)
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gray = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
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_, binary = cv2.threshold(gray, 0, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY + cv2.THRESH_OTSU)
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return ocr(binary)
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result, _ = ocr_extract("image_path.png")
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if result:
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for line in result:
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print(line[1]) # line[1] 是识别的文字
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```
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## 长图分段识别(推荐)
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对于高度超过 2000 像素的长截图,建议分段识别以提高速度和准确度:
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```python
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import os
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from rapidocr_onnxruntime import RapidOCR
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from PIL import Image
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ocr = RapidOCR(use_angle_cls=True)
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img_path = r"长图路径.png"
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img = Image.open(img_path)
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height = img.size[1]
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chunk_size = 1200 # 每段1200像素,约1-2秒/段
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all_text = []
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for i in range(0, height, chunk_size):
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bottom = min(i + chunk_size, height)
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chunk = img.crop((0, i, img.size[0], bottom))
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tmp_path = os.path.join(os.environ['TEMP'], f'ocr_chunk_{i}.png')
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chunk.save(tmp_path)
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result, _ = ocr(tmp_path)
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if result:
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for line in result:
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all_text.append(line[1])
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if os.path.exists(tmp_path):
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os.remove(tmp_path)
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for t in all_text:
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print(t)
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```
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## 批量图片 OCR
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```python
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import os
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from rapidocr_onnxruntime import RapidOCR
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ocr = RapidOCR(use_angle_cls=True)
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img_dir = r"图片目录路径"
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images = sorted([f for f in os.listdir(img_dir) if f.lower().endswith(('.jpeg', '.jpg', '.png'))])
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for img_name in images:
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img_path = os.path.join(img_dir, img_name)
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result, _ = ocr(img_path)
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print(f"\n=== {img_name} ===")
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if result:
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for line in result:
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print(line[1])
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```
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## 性能参考
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| 图片尺寸 | 模式 | 耗时 |
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|---------|------|------|
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| 1509x871(手机订单图) | 1.5x + Otsu | ~1.3s |
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| 1731x1200 | 不分段 | ~1.5s |
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| 1731x4896 | 1200px/段 | ~6s |
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| 1731x20824 | 1200px/段 | ~26s |
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## 返回结果格式
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`result` 是一个列表,每个元素格式为 `[bbox, text, confidence]`:
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- `bbox`: 文字位置坐标 `[[x1,y1], [x2,y2], [x3,y3], [x4,y4]]`
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- `text`: 识别出的文字内容
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- `confidence`: 置信度(字符串类型,0-1 之间)
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## 注意事项
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- 临时文件使用 `os.environ['TEMP']` 目录,用后需清理
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- `os.remove()` 前务必用 `os.path.exists()` 检查文件是否存在
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- Windows PowerShell 中避免使用 `&&` 连接命令,改用 `;` 或分行
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- 对于非常长的截图(>10000px),建议 chunk_size 设为 1200-1500
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- 识别中文效果良好,支持中英文混合
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- **中文路径**:OpenCV `cv2.imread` 不支持中文路径,会报错 `can't open/read file`,需 Pillow 读取后转 BGR(代码中已处理)
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- 上采样不要超过 2x,否则订单卡片间距会被放大超阈值,导致分段逻辑错乱
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- 短边 ≥ 1800px 时不上采样(避免过度处理)
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